croatian people physical features

The many emigrants who left Croatia during the 20th century have created significant diasporas in Canada, the United States, Australia, and other countries. A small minority of people are nonreligious or atheist. The interlace can be seen in various emblems and is also featured in modern Croatian military ranks and Croatian police ranks insignia. He acknowledged the supreme rule of Byzantine Emperor Basil I. In Dalmatia the Krka and Cetina rivers are of particular importance because of their hydroelectric potential and because they flow into the Adriatic Sea. Hares, foxes, boars, wildcats, and mouflons (wild sheep) also inhabit Croatia. Croatian women have darker pores and skin, darker hair, and extra contrast of their look, which permits them to look placing even with zero makeup. Assuming you will meet a lady there, you must double the funds. Sea life in the Adriatic is rich as well, with many coral reefs and underwater caves serving as habitats. The physical characteristics of Croatian people make them desired by so many. Though now part of the same empire, Dalmatia and Istria were part of Cisleithania while Croatia and Slavonia were in Hungarian part of the Monarchy. Croatian men are tall and good trying. This led to Mladen's defeat at the battle of Bliska in 1322 by a coalition of several Croatian noblemen and Dalmatian coastal towns with support of the King himself, in exchange of ubi's castle of Ostrovica for Zrin Castle in Central Croatia (thus this branch was named Zrinski) in 1347. The Bunjevac dialect (bunjevaki dijalekt)[136][137][138] or Bunjevac speech (bunjevaki govor)[139] is a Neo-ShtokavianYounger Ikavian dialect of the Serbo-Croatian pluricentric language, used by members of the Bunjevac community. [167][168], The flag of Croatia consists of a red-white-blue tricolor with the Coat of Arms of Croatia in the middle. Similar arguments have been made for an alleged Gothic-Croat link. When Croatian MP Ivana Nincevic Lesandric spoke out about her own croatian physical features painful expertise of a cervical scrape carried out without anaesthesia, elevating questions concerning the practices of the nation's hospitals and significantly about how girls's healthcare is treated, a debate about obstetric violence erupted. Croatia is a European country occupying an area of 56,594 km2 (21,851 sq mi). The Dinaric Alps dominate the western border . It mentions Zvonimir, the king of Croatia at the time. Croatian Experience with Sanda 15.3K subscribers 339 14K views 3 years ago If you have ever wondered how and. Smaller Croat autochthonous minorities exist in Slovenia (mainly in Slovene Littoral, Prekmurje and in the Metlika area in Lower Carniola regions 35,000 Croats), Montenegro (mostly in the Bay of Kotor 6,800 Croats), and a regional community in Kosovo called Janjevci who nationally identify as Croats. In 1093, southern nobles elected a new ruler, King Petar Svai (r. 10931097), who managed to unify the Kingdom around his capital of Knin. Croatia Personality Profile. Find Croatian people stock images in HD and millions of other royalty-free stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the Shutterstock collection. A much larger drop in infant mortality meant that Croatias population continued to increasealthough at a very low rateuntil the 1990s, when wartime displacement, emigration, and deaths caused the population to plummet by several hundred thousand. These included the Guduscans (based in Liburnia), Pagania (between the Cetina and Neretva River), Zachlumia (between Neretva and Dubrovnik), Bosnia, and the Sorabi (Serbs) who ruled some other eastern parts of ex-Roman province of "Dalmatia". Roles. More than half of the population resides in urban areas, particularly in the upper arm of the country and along the Adriatic coast. In the northern plains, Austro-Hungarian rule has left its marks. [84] With such expansion, Croatia became the dominant power and absorbed other polities between Frankish, Bulgarian and Byzantine empire. He reassembled his forces in Croatia and advanced on Gvozd Mountain, where he met the main Hungarian army led by King Coloman I of Hungary. Vernacular texts in the Chakavian dialect first appeared in the 13th century, and Shtokavian texts appeared a century later. Zdeslav deposed him in 878 with the help of the Byzantines. [citation needed]. [119] Other IBD and admixture studies also found even patterns of admixture events among South, East and West Slavs at the time and area of Slavic expansion, and that the shared ancestral Balto-Slavic component among South Slavs is between 55 and 70%.[120][121]. Updates? In 1525 it was used on a votive medal. Nevertheless, Ban Jelai had succeeded in the abolition of serfdom in Croatia, which eventually brought about massive changes in society: the power of the major landowners was reduced and arable land became increasingly subdivided, to the extent of risking famine. It is an integral part of the cultural heritage of the Bunjevac Croats in northern Serbia (Vojvodina) and parts of southern Hungary. During the Ottoman conquest tens of thousands of Croats were taken in Turkey, where they became slaves. [163], The Baka tablet, a stone inscribed with the Glagolitic alphabet found on the Krk island which is dated to 1100, is considered to be the oldest surviving prose in Croatian. The war escalated on 27 May 927, in the battle of the Bosnian Highlands, after Serbs were conquered and some fled to the Croatian Kingdom. [113][114][115][116][117] Genetically, on the maternal mitochondrial DNA line, a majority (>65%) of Croats from Croatia (mainland and coast) belong to three of the eleven major European mtDNA haplogroups H (45%), U (17.820.8%), J (311%), while a large minority (>35%) belongs to many other smaller haplogroups. Croats became one of the constituent nations of the new kingdom. Croatia is the nation-state of Croats. [103][104], He was in conflict with dukes of Istria, while historical records Annales Carinthi and Chronica Hungarorum note he invaded Carinthia to aid Hungary in war during 1079/83, but this is disputed. Corrections? Meanwhile, with the victories over Turks, Habsburgs all the more insistent they spent centralization and germanization, new regained lands in liberated Slavonia started giving to foreign families as feudal goods, at the expense of domestic element. After the death of Charlemagne in 814, Frankish influence decreased on the region, allowing Prince Ljudevit Posavski to raise a rebellion in 819. The latter developed into what is referred to as the Croatian variant of Church Slavonic between the 12th and 16th centuries. Reflecting the countrys diverse geography, the flora and fauna of Croatia are highly varied. Croatia is composed of three major geographic regions. A small percentage of non-Croat groups identify with a different culture. Archaeological evidence shows population continuity in coastal Dalmatia and Istria. The red and white checkerboard has been a symbol of Croatian kings since at least the tenth century, ranging in number from 33 to 88, but most commonly 55, like the current coat. Post-WWII Yugoslavia became a federation consisting of 6 republics, and Croats became one of two constituent peoples of two Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is a small yet highly geographically diverse crescent-shaped country. The earliest known Croatian autographs from the 8th century are found in the Latin Gospel of Cividale. By a peace treaty in 845, the Franks were confirmed as rulers over Slavonia, whilst Srijem remained under Bulgarian clientage. [58], Evidence is rather scarce for the period between the 7th and 8th centuries CE. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. In 1939, the Croats received a high degree of autonomy when the Banovina of Croatia was created, which united almost all ethnic Croatian territories within the Kingdom. Unfortunately, this is rarely the case in real life, as often, the dimensions is . [154], The area settled by Croats has a large diversity of historical and cultural influences, as well as diversity of terrain and geography. He was crowned on 8 October 1076[101][102] at Solin in the Basilica of Saint Peter and Moses (known today as Hollow Church) by a representative of Pope Gregory VII. Pope Leo X called Croatia the forefront of Christianity (Antemurale Christianitatis) in 1519, given that several Croatian soldiers made significant contributions to the struggle against the Ottoman Turks. Trpimir is remembered as the initiator of the Trpimirovi dynasty, that ruled in Croatia, with interruptions, from 845 until 1091. Tomislav (910928) became king of Croatia by 925. [citation needed]. Settlement is relatively sparse in the central mountainous area. "The right to use the Glagolitic language at Mass with the Roman Rite has prevailed for many centuries in all the south-western Balkan countries, and has been sanctioned by long practice and by many popes" (, Learn how and when to remove this template message, revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire, Comparison of standard Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin and Serbian, Institute of Croatian Language and Linguistics, Slavic Native Faith Southern and Western Slavic nations, Festivity of Saint Blaise, the patron of Dubrovnik, "Status of Croatian immigrants and their descendants abroad", "Cultural diversity: Census Information on country of birth, year of arrival, ancestry, language and religion", "Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity Highlight Tables", "Carter: NZ Celebrates 150 Years of Kiwi-Croatian Culture", " , 2011. ", Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Development, "Dom i svijet Broj 227 Croatia klub u Juznoj Africi", "Population by immigrant category and country background", "SODB2021 Obyvatelia Zkladn vsledky", "From the lives of Croatian faithful outside Croatia", "Croats of Czech Republic: Ethnic People Profile", 2010. Croats constitute about nine-tenths of the population. Trpimir I managed to consolidate power over Dalmatia and much of the inland regions towards Pannonia, while instituting counties as a way of controlling his subordinates (an idea he picked up from the Franks). Dalmatia on Croatia physical map, extends the country southward along the . It is possible that these are all renditions of the same ruler's name. [citation needed]. Croatian ladies have great . The Venetians soon proceeded to battle with the independent Slavic pirates of the Pagania region, but failed to defeat them. The Renaissance had the greatest impact on the Adriatic Sea coast since the remainder of Croatia was embroiled in the Hundred Years' CroatianOttoman War. They've gotten used to the vacationers. [110], Following the democratization of society, accompanied with ethnic tensions that emerged ten years after the death of Josip Broz Tito, the Republic of Croatia declared independence, which was followed by war. Within the hollow of the crescent, Croatia shares a long border with Bosnia and Herzegovina, which actually severs a part of southern Croatia from the rest of the country by penetrating to the Adriatic in a narrow corridor. )", "Sombor: Predstavljen "Rjenik govora bakih Hrvata" akademika dr. Ante Sekulia/", ": SUBOTICA.com. The Croats are calm and balanced. Both families gave many native bans of Croatia. [86], The Dalmatian Croats were recorded to have been subject to the Kingdom of Italy under Lothair I, since 828. Duke Branimir wrote to Pope John VIII affirming this split from Byzantine and commitment to the Roman Papacy. The entity of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is home to majority (495,000 or about little under 90%) of Bosnian and Herzegovinian Croats. At the same time many are shy and have a lot to learn in terms of relationship. With the waning of the Ottoman Empire, art flourished during the Baroque and Rococo. While most of Croatias Serbs live in urban centres, a significant number are scattered in villages and towns, mostly in lightly populated parts of the central mountain belt, in the regions of Lika and Banija, and in northern Dalmatia. Since the war, Croatia has progressed politically and economically. Another 553,000 live in Bosnia and Herzegovina, where they are one of the three constituent ethnic groups, predominantly living in Western Herzegovina, Central Bosnia and Bosnian Posavina. As the Turkish incursion into Europe started, Croatia once again became a border area between two major forces in the Balkans. Serbs usually identify with Serbian culture. The remaining 16,800 square kilometres (6,487sqmi) were referred to as the reliquiae reliquiarum of the once great Croatian kingdom. After his death, an uprising was raised by a powerful nobleman from Knin Domagoj, and his son Zdeslav was exiled with his brothers, Petar and Muncimir to Constantinople. Rather than being an accurate historical account, De Administrando Imperio more accurately reflects the political situation during the 10th century. Wedged between the Dinaric Alps to the east and the Adriatic Sea to the west, its 1,100 miles (1,800 km) of coastline are fringed by more than 1,100 islands and islets. Croatian girls are tall, tanned and lean. Croats are predominantly Roman Catholic, and before Christianity they adhered to Slavic paganism or Roman paganism. The Croatian national revival began in the 1830s with the Illyrian movement. They will gladly help you with directions (if you ever get lost while enjoying the beauties this country has to offer), and, they will do that with a smile on their faces. Because of this the Croatian Sabor was losing its significance, and the nobility less attended it, yet went only to the one in Hungary. The highest mountain in Croatia, Dinara (6,007 feet [1,831 metres]), is located in the central mountain belt. In southern Dalmatia, where the sirocco winds (known there as the jugo) bring a moderating influence from Africa, summers are sunny, warm, and dry, and winters are rainy. Having been under Avar control, lower Pannonia became a march of the Carolingian Empire around 800. The official language in Croatia had been Latin until 1847, when it became Croatian. [48][49] In Croatia (the nation state), 3.9million people identify themselves as Croats, and constitute about 90.4% of the population. [105] Coloman retained the institution of the Sabor and relieved the Croatians of taxes on their land. By the 1840s, the movement had moved from cultural goals to resisting Hungarian political demands. It was therefore adopted by leading Croatian national intellectuals of the 19th century. Thousands of new, high-quality pictures added every day. Bosniaks constitute most of the Muslim population. In retaliation, Magyars crowned Mary's husband Sigismund of Luxembourg. In an effort to halt their influence, the Franks sought alliance with the Magyars, and elevated the local Slavic leader Braslav in 892, as a more independent Duke over lower Pannonia. In the summer the mistral wind has a cooling effect on the coast and the islands. Croatia is a well-liked vacation spot with plenty of resorts due to the developed tourist infrastructure. Both kings ruled without the Parliament, and inner nobility struggles only helped them in their intentions. The 1991-95 civil war between Croats and Serbs caused massive damage to cities and industries. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Besides Maruli, Renaissance playwright Marin Dri, Baroque poet Ivan Gunduli, Croatian national revival poet Ivan Maurani, novelist, playwright and poet August enoa, poet and writer Antun Gustav Mato, poet Antun Branko imi, expressionist and realist writer Miroslav Krlea, poet Tin Ujevi and novelist and short story writer Ivo Andri are often cited as the greatest figures in Croatian literature. These waters account for many of the unique geologic formations and the picturesque landscape of central and western Croatia. Croatians are well-known for their hospitality, warm greetings, and generous nature. Former director of the East European Studies program at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. Flag. [citation needed], In the 18th century, Croatia was one of the crown lands that supported Emperor Charles's Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 and supported Empress Maria Theresa in the War of the Austrian Succession of 174148. In Dalmatia, duke Tomislav (910928) succeeded Muncimir. [69][70] A closer reading of the DAI suggests that Constantine VII's consideration about the ethnic origin and identity of the population of Lower Pannonia, Pagania, Zachlumia and other principalities is based on tenth century political rule and does not indicate ethnicity,[71][72][73][74][75][76][77] and although both Croats and Serbs could have been a small military elite which managed to organize other already settled and more numerous Slavs,[78][79][80] it is possible that Narentines, Zachlumians and others also arrived as Croats or with Croatian tribal alliance. When you look at the face of these girls, Croatian woman face features are different from many other females. [citation needed] This resulted with Bloody Sabor of Krievci in 1397, lose of interest for the crown by Ladislaus and selling of Dalmatia to Venice in 1403, and spreading of Croatian name to the north, while of Slavonia to the east. When asked why Croatian hospitals don't use anaesthetics in procedures equivalent croatian people physical characteristics to cervical scrapes or episiotomy, or why even when they do, the medication often do not appear to work, some consultants cited the lack of anaesthesiologists in many hospitals within the country. To the north of Zagreb, the Zagorje Hills, fragments of the Julian Alps now covered with vines and orchards, separate the Sava and Drava river valleys. In return they were promised the historic rights, freedoms, laws and defence of Croatian Kingdom. Croatia's parliament consists of a 151-seat House of Representatives. Nikola Zrinski participated in launching the conspiracy which later came to be known as the Magnate conspiracy, but he soon died, and the rebellion was continued by his brother, Croatian ban Petar Zrinski, Fran Krsto Frankopan and Ferenc Wesselnyi. [129] Until the end of the 11th century Croatian medieval texts were written in three scripts: Latin, Glagolitic, and Cyrillic,[130] and also in three languages: Croatian, Latin, and Old Slavonic. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The kingdom once again entered the time of internal unrest. [59][60][61][62][63], Much uncertainty revolves around the exact circumstances of their appearance given the scarcity of literary sources during the 7th and 8th century Middle Ages. [citation needed] Folk arts are performed at special events and festivals, perhaps the most distinctive being Alka of Senj, a traditional knights' competition celebrating the victory against Ottoman Turks. In February 1386, two months after his coronation, he was assassinated by order of the queen Elizabeth of Bosnia. The karst plateaus of this region, consisting mostly of limestone, are barren at the highest elevations; lower down, they are heavily forested. Although Duke Liutevid and his people are commonly seen as a "Pannonian Croats", he is, due to the lack of "evidence that they had a sense of Croat identity" referred to as dux Pannoniae Inferioris, or simply a Slav, by contemporary sources. Another linguistic distinction, reflecting the legacies of history as well as the effects of geography, can be heard in the colourful medley of regional dialects and subdialects that survive to this day. In the north and northeast, running the full length of the upper arm of the Croatian crescent, are the Pannonian and para-Pannonian plains. Population (est. Serbs make up the largest minority group; however, their proportion fell dramatically as a result of the 1990s war of independencefrom more than one-tenth of the population before the war to less than half that figure in 2001. [citation needed], King Sigismund's army was catastrophically defeated at the Battle of Nicopolis (1396) as the Ottoman invasion was getting closer to the borders of the Hungarian-Croatian kingdom. [citation needed], Unlike in many countries, Croatian design more commonly uses symbolism from the coat of arms, rather than from the Croatian flag. In 1664, the Austrian imperial army was victorious against the Turks, but Emperor Leopold failed to capitalize on the success when he signed the Peace of Vasvr in which Croatia and Hungary were prevented from regaining territory lost to the Ottoman Empire. But the connection with Hungary soon adversely affected the position of Croats, because Magyars in the spring of their nationalism tried to Magyarize Croats, and make Croatia a part of a united Hungary. The oldest preserved examples of Croatian architecture are the 9th-century churches, with the largest and the most representative among them being the Church of St. His three sons, Svetoslav (9971000), Kreimir III (10001030) and Gojslav (10001020), opened a violent contest for the throne, weakening the state and further losing control. There isn't much information about the Slavs before the Byzantine written records from the 6th century. It is best to dress your greatest in Croatia. [66], Scholars have hypothesized the name Croat (Hrvat) may be Iranian, thus suggesting that the Croatians were possibly a Sarmatian tribe from the Pontic region who were part of a larger movement at the same time that the Slavs were moving toward the Adriatic. Later, the expanding power of Great Moravia also threatened Frankish control of the region. Croats constitute about nine-tenths of the population. [127] Croatian is written in Gaj's Latin alphabet.[128]. Rainfall is moderate and occurs mainly in the winter. However, by enabling the nobility to seize more economic and military power, the kingdom itself lost influence to the powerful noble families. Croatian girls favor a clear, properly groomed and put-together appearance. Along its course it passes through 10 countries: Germany, Austria, Slovakia . After Domagoj's death, Venetian chronicles named him "The worst duke of Slavs", while Pope John VIII referred to Domagoj in letters as "Famous duke". Croatia physical map includes the eastern Pannonian plains of Slavonia, between the Sava, the Drava and the Danube, then a mountain center that joins the Istrian peninsula to the west. This is partly due to the geometric design of the shield which makes it appropriate for use in many graphic contexts (e.g. Polish anti-abortion teams are said to be sharing methods with a brand new Croatian group. For the more generic usage, see, "Croat" redirects here. The most notable are the "Missal of Duke Novak" from the Lika region in northwestern Croatia (1368), "Evangel from Reims" (1395, named after the town of its final destination), Hrvoje's Missal from Bosnia and Split in Dalmatia (1404). [citation needed], Branimir's (879892) own actions were approved from the Holy See to bring the Croats further away from the influence of Byzantium and closer to Rome. When King Louis died without successor, the question of succession remained open. Porfirogeneta o snazi hrvatske vojske", "Demetrius, Duke of Croatia and Dalmatia", "Full text of "The southern Slav question and the Habsburg Monarchy", "Vlada Autonomne Pokrajine Vojvodine Index", "Croatian national reference Y-STR haplotype database", "The paternal perspective of the Slovenian population and its relationship with other populations", "The Geography of Recent Genetic Ancestry across Europe", "Genetic Heritage of the Balto-Slavic Speaking Populations: A Synthesis of Autosomal, Mitochondrial and Y-Chromosomal Data", "On the Internal Classification of Indo-European Languages: Survey", "Croatia: Themes, Authors, Books | Yale University Library Slavic and East European Collection", "Ne postoji bunjevaki jezik, nego bunjevaki govor", "Novotokavski ikavski najvei je hrvatski dijalekt", "Grgo Balija: Bunjevaki je govor, a ne jezik", "Masumi Kameda. For the medieval Catalan currency, see. Its capital is Zagreb, located in the north. What is important is not the common linguistic ancestry or the historical-anthropological categorization, but the individual genetic characteristics of a people. In the north and northeast, running the full length of the upper arm of the Croatian crescent, are the Pannonian and para-Pannonian plains. [citation needed], In 896, his rule stretched from Vienna and Budapest to the southern Croat dutchies, and included almost the whole of ex-Roman Pannonian provinces. Outline Map. Roughly 800,000 . Bosnia and Herzegovina has a largely mountainous terrain. In 2012, there were 414,714 American citizens of Croat or Croatian descent living in the United States as per revised 2010 United States Census.The figure includes all people affiliated with United States who claim Croatian ancestry, both those born in the country and . Serbs make up the largest minority group; however, their proportion fell dramatically as a result of the 1990s war of independencefrom more than one-tenth of the population before the war to less than half that figure in 2001. They are also a recognized minority in a number of neighboring countries, namely Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia and Slovenia. O paljevinskim grobovima i doseobi u 7. stoljeu", "Od Hrvata pak koji su stigli u Dalmaciju odvojio se jedan dio i zavladao Ilirikom i Panonijom: Razmatranja uz DAI c. 30, 75-78", "Povodom novog tumaenja vijesti Konstantina VII. The Dalmatian coast, Istria, and the islands have a mild Mediterranean climate. The most distinctive features of Croatian folklore include klapa ensembles of Dalmatia, tamburitza orchestras of Slavonia. [160] Large squares named after culture heroes, well-groomed parks, and pedestrian-only zones, are features of these orderly towns and cities, especially where large scale Baroque urban planning took place, for instance in Varadin and Karlovac. Love is claimed to be full when there is a steadiness, with an equal (or almost equal) dose of affection and care coming from each partners. In general, the physical features and complexion of the persons of this mixed stock incline more to the Indian than to the white or blacks. Kreimir was succeeded by his son Stjepan I (10301058), who tried to reinforce the alliance with the Byzantines when he sent a segment of his naval fleet in war against the Arabs in 1032, in favour for their tolerance about conquering Zadar another Byzantine ally, from Venice. In addition, a great deal of water circulates in underground rivers and pools in the karstic regions of the central mountain belt and the littoral. To the north of Zagreb, the Zagorje Hills, fragments of the Julian Alps now covered with vines and orchards, separate the Sava and Drava river valleys. In the second half of the 13th century, during the rpd and Anjou dynasty struggle, the ubi family became hugely powerful under Paul I ubi of Bribir, who was the longest Croatian Ban (12741312), conquering Bosnia and declaring himself "Lord of all of Bosnia" (12991312). The average temperature ranges from the low 40s F (about 5 C) in January to the low 70s F (low 20s C) in June. [97][98][99] The central town in the Duvno field was named Tomislavgrad ("Tomislav's town") in his honour in the 20th century. Many of the Serbs in Croatia are descendants of people who migrated to the border areas of the Holy Roman Empire between the 16th and 18th centuries, following the Ottoman conquest of Serbia and Bosnia. There Croats under leadership of their king Tomislav completely defeated the Bulgarian army led by military commander Alogobotur, and stopped Simeon's extension westwards. The oldest source confirming the coat-of-arms as an official symbol is a genealogy of the Habsburgs dating during 151218. [166] The beginning of more vigorous development of Croatian literature is marked by the Renaissance and Marko Maruli. This figure has changed little during the past decade. The kings from House of Anjou intended to strengthen the kingdom by uniting their power and control, but to do so they had to diminish the power of the higher nobility. Considerable rainfall, turning to snow in winter, is characteristic of the region. Although all three major branches of Serbo-Croatian (Shtokavian, Chakavian, and Kajkavian) were spoken by Croats (as they still are today), the Shtokavian dialect was the most widely heard in Croatian regions of eastern Slavonia, the Adriatic littoral from Makarska to Dubrovnik, and Herzegovina, as well as Montenegro and Serbia. Population by ethnicity and religion", "Gingerbread craft from Northern Croatia", "Zvonari, annual carnival bell ringers' pageant from the Kastav area", "Intangible Cultural Heritage UNESCO-Croatia", "Najljepi gradovi Sjeverne Hrvatske Karlovac, Ozalj, Ogulin", "CROATIAN ART HISTORY OVERVIEW OF PREHISTORY", "Josip Juraj Strossmayer Roeni Osjeanin", Miroslav Krlea Lexicographical Institute, "In his book Hrvati izvan domovine estimates the number of Croatian emigrants in South America at 180,000 in 1932", "The Croatian Emigrant Adresary places the total number of Croats in South America as high as 500,000", "Y chromosomal heritage of Croatian population and its island isolates", "Phylogeography of Y-Chromosome Haplogroup I Reveals Distinct Domains of Prehistoric Gene Flow in Europe", "High-resolution phylogenetic analysis of southeastern Europe traces major episodes of paternal gene flow among Slavic populations", "Y-chromosomal evidence of the cultural diffusion of agriculture in southeast Europe", "Frequencies of mtDNA Haplogroups in Southeastern Europe-Croatians, Bosnians and Herzegovinians, Serbians, Macedonians and Macedonian Romani", "Hrvatska etnogeneza: pregled komponentnih etapa i interpretacija (s naglaskom na euroazijske/nomadske sadraje)", "Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina: History", The Croatian nation at the beginning of the 20th century, Famous Croats and Croatian cultural heritage, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Croats&oldid=1152333800.

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